From January, 1963, to May, 1979, 600 renal transplants were performed at the Cleveland Clinic. There were 21 vascular complications in this series (3.5%). Arterial complications included renal artery thrombosis in 5 patients, renal artery stenosis in 9 patients, and anastomotic hemorrhage in 2 patients. Venous complications included renal vein thrombosis in 2 patients and hemorrhage in 3 patients. Although vascular complications led directly to graft loss in 10 patients, only 1 resulted in patient death.