High biocompatibility, low cost and easiness in use are most important reasons for the spread of biological prosthesis in inguinal and femoral hernia repairs; this fact has changed the surgical approach to this kind of pathologies. This new approach consists in re-creating a normal anatomic function of the abdominal wall, without new tension between muscles and aponeurotic structures. The authors present their experience after 379 inguinal and femoral hernia repairs between January 1992 and December 1993.