Conventional treatment of iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms of the femoral artery after puncture during arteriography with or without additional balloon-angioplasty consists of surgical exposure and suture of the defect. The present paper describes colour-Doppler guided compression treatment of 10 femoral pseudoaneurysms. The aneurysm and its connection to the femoral artery is identified by ultrasound-colour-Doppler technique and using the transducer, pressure is applied on the aneurysm such that in- and outflow is stopped without disrupting the blood flow in the underlying femoral artery. In nine cases, where the pseudoaneurysms were less than two weeks old, treatment was successful in all cases. In the remaining patients, the pseudoaneurysm had developed shortly after arteriography and remained constant for one year. In this case, compression did not result in thrombosis. It is concluded that iatrogenic puncture-derived >>young<< pseudoaneurysms of the femoral artery should be treated by colour-Doppler compression except in cases of a rapidly developed large haematoma and circulatory instability. The latter cases should be operated immediately.