This study compares physical, laboratory and anthropometric measurements from each of two groups (leute) of Hutterites (N = 846) with a population of non-Hutterites from rural Saskatchewan (N = 750). Marked interleute differences were observed in the comparative analysis with the non-Hutterite population. Dariusleut males had significantly greater mean diastolic and systolic blood pressures, total cholesterols, LDL cholesterols and Body Mass Indexes (BMI) than non-Hutterites. Compared with non-Hutterite women, the Dariusleut females had significantly greater mean diastolic and systolic blood pressure, HDL cholesterols, BMIs and waist-hip ratios. In contrast, the only significant difference between non-Hutterites and Lehrerleut males was in BMI. Lehrerleut females had significantly greater mean systolic blood pressures, HDL cholesterol levels and BMIs. While the surprising inter-leute differences may be due to subtle variations in lifestyle, the genetic isolation of the groups suggests heredity may offer a more likely explanation for the differences.