The surgical morbidity rate of patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is considered very high; however, the experience in the literature is small. This study will determine the rate of surgical morbidity and the existence of predictive factors in patients with such a disease. The medical records of 53 patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus who underwent 63 major operations were analyzed retrospectively. The rate and causes of operative morbidity were registered. Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis was performed to ascertain the existence of predictive factors for morbidity. The overall morbidity and mortality were 16% and 6% respectively. Lymphopenia, hypoalbuminemia, increased SGOT and SGPT, urgent indication of operation, the physical status of the American Society of Anesthesiology, as well as a shorter duration of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus showed a significant correlation with operative morbidity in the univariate analysis; high blood urea nitrogen showed marginal significance. Physical status, urgent indication, and blood urea nitrogen remained as significant variables with the multivariate logistic regression analysis. The surgical morbidity rate of these patients may be lower than previously estimated. The physical status, urgency of operation, and level of blood urea nitrogen seemed to be the most useful independent predictors for surgical morbidity risk in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.