Nucleic acid related compounds. 84. Synthesis of 6'-(E and Z)-halohomovinyl derivatives of adenosine, inactivation of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase, and correlation of anticancer and antiviral potencies with enzyme inhibition

J Med Chem. 1994 Oct 14;37(21):3579-87. doi: 10.1021/jm00047a015.

Abstract

Treatment of 9-[6-(E)-(tributylstannyl)-5,6-dideoxy-2,3-O-isopropylidene- beta-D-ribo-hex-5-enofuranosyl]adenine [2b(E)] or the 6-N-benzoyl derivative 2a(E) with iodine (or N-iodosuccinimide) or bromine (or N-bromosuccinimide) gave virtually quantitative and stereospecific conversions to the 6'-(E)-(halohomovinyl)nucleoside analogues. Analogous treatment of the 6'-(Z)-vinyl-stannanes gave the 6'-(Z)-halo compounds. Treatment of 2a or 2b with chlorine or xenon difluoride/silver triflate gave E and Z mixtures of the respective 6'-chloro- or 6'-fluorohomovinyl products. Deprotection gave the 9-[6-(E and Z)-halo-5,6-dideoxy-beta-D-ribo- hex-5-enofuranosyl]-adenines [(E and Z)-5',6'-didehydro-6'-deoxy-6'-halohomoadenosines, EDDHHAs and ZDDHHAs, 4c-7c(E and Z)]. The acetylenic 5',5',6',6'-tetradehydro-6'- deoxyhomoadenosine (3c) and the 5'-bromo-5'-deoxy-5'-methyleneadenosine (10c) regioisomer of EDDBHA [5c(E)] also were obtained from 2. Concentration- and time-dependent inactivations of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (AdoHcy) hydrolase were observed with 3c and the 6'-(halohomovinyl)adenosine analogues. The order of inhibitory potency was I > Br > Cl > F and E > Z for the geometric isomers. AdoHcy hydrolase effected "hydrolysis" of the 6'-halogen from the (halohomovinyl)Ado compounds (to give the putative 6'-carboxaldehyde which underwent spontaneous decomposition) independently of its oxidative activity. Partition ratios for these hydrolytic turnovers/lethal inhibitory events were in the order F > Cl > Br > I. Biological activities were evaluated with several viruses and cancer cell lines, and potencies were generally in the order I > Br > Cl > F and E > Z isomers. This represents the first observation of a direct correlation of cytostatic activity with inhibition of AdoHcy hydrolase and highlights the potential of this enzyme as a viable target for chemotherapeutic intervention in anticancer as well as antiviral drug design.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Adenosylhomocysteinase
  • Alkynes
  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemical synthesis*
  • Antiviral Agents / chemical synthesis*
  • Deoxyadenosines / chemical synthesis*
  • Deoxyadenosines / pharmacology
  • Dideoxyadenosine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Dideoxyadenosine / chemistry
  • Dideoxyadenosine / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Hydrolases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Leukemia L1210
  • Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental
  • Mice
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured
  • Vaccinia virus / drug effects
  • Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / drug effects

Substances

  • 5'-deoxy-5'-(iodomethylene)adenosine
  • 9-(5,6-dideoxy-6-iodo-ribohex-5-enofuranosyl)adenine
  • Alkynes
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Deoxyadenosines
  • acetylenic 5',5',6',6'-tetradehydro-6'-deoxyhomoadenosine
  • Dideoxyadenosine
  • Hydrolases
  • Adenosylhomocysteinase
  • Adenosine