The pharmacokinetics of high-dose epirubicin and of the cardioprotector ADR-529 given together with cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, and tamoxifen in metastatic breast-cancer patients

Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1994;35(1):45-52. doi: 10.1007/BF00686283.

Abstract

A high-pressure liquid chromatographic method for determination of the bisdioxopiperazine derivative ADR-529 (ICRF-187), a compound proven effective in protection against anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity, has been developed. The limit of quantitation was 5 ng/ml using a narrow-bore 5-microns silica column and UV detection. The method was used for determination of pharmacokinetic profiles of ADR-529 after a 3-weekly i.v. administration of different doses of ADR-529 (600-1000 mg/m2) together with different doses of epirubicin (E, 60-100 mg/m2), fixed-dose cyclophosphamide (C, 600 mg/m2), fixed-dose 5-fluorouracil (F, 600 mg/m2), and daily administration of tamoxifen (T, 30 mg; CEF-T) in the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer. Pharmacokinetic parameters for epirubicin were also determined. The aim of the study was to determine (1) whether the pharmacokinetics of ADR-529 as part of a combination with CEF-T changes with increasing doses of ADR-529 and increasing doses of epirubicin and (2) whether the pharmacokinetics of epirubicin in the same combinations is altered with the administration of increasing doses of ADR-529. A total of 82 patients were included. A crossover study including 16 of the patients showed no significant difference in epirubicin pharmacokinetic parameters when epirubicin was given with or without concomitant administration of ADR-529. Apart from minor changes in the distributional half-lives, the pharmacokinetic parameters of epirubicin were not altered with increasing doses of ADR-529, nor were the pharmacokinetic parameters of ADR-529 itself. Escalating doses of epirubicin did not significantly alter the pharmacokinetic parameters of ADR-529 with the exception of a 30% increase in the terminal half-life and a decrease in total body clearance when the epirubicin dose was raised from 60 to 100 mg/m2. We conclude that concomitant administration of ADR-529 does not alter the distribution and elimination of epirubicin in doses suitable for preventing the anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Breast Neoplasms / blood*
  • Breast Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology
  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
  • Cyclophosphamide / administration & dosage
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Epirubicin / administration & dosage
  • Epirubicin / adverse effects
  • Epirubicin / pharmacokinetics*
  • Fluorouracil / administration & dosage
  • Heart Diseases / chemically induced
  • Heart Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Humans
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Razoxane / administration & dosage
  • Razoxane / pharmacokinetics*
  • Razoxane / therapeutic use
  • Tamoxifen / administration & dosage

Substances

  • Tamoxifen
  • Epirubicin
  • Razoxane
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Fluorouracil

Supplementary concepts

  • CEFT protocol