Forty-four Hereford-sired steers were measured ultrasonically for backfat and longissimus muscle area between the 12th and 13th ribs before slaughter and visually appraised for fatness, overall muscling, and frame. Carcass measurements associated with USDA yield and quality grades were measured and recorded. Carcasses were fabricated into closely trimmed, boneless subprimals at 1.27- and .32-cm fat trim levels. Cutability percentage (percentage of retail cuts from the cold carcass weight) and kilograms of retail product were defined three ways. The first definition included only retail cuts from the round, loin, rib, and chuck. The second included the above plus adjusted lean trim from the round, loin, rib, and chuck, and, finally, total retail product from the entire carcass. Kilograms (TOTFAT) and percentage (PERFAT) of trimmable fat were also calculated. Stepwise regression procedures were used for live and carcass trait model development predicting cutability percentages, kilograms of retail product, and trimmable fat. Fat measurements accounted for the largest portion of variation in cutability percentage and PERFAT. Weight measurements accounted for the major sources of variation in predicting kilograms of retail product and TOTFAT. Final models using live animal traits ranked the steers equally as well for cutability percentages as the original USDA cutability equation and stepwise, developed carcass equations (P > .10). Final models using live animal or carcass equations ranked the animals equally for kilograms of retail product yield (P > .10).