c-Myc cooperates with activated Ras to induce the cdc2 promoter

Mol Cell Biol. 1994 Sep;14(9):5710-8. doi: 10.1128/mcb.14.9.5710-5718.1994.

Abstract

Expression of c-myc with constitutively active mutants of the ras gene results in the cooperative transformation of primary fibroblasts, although the precise mechanism by which these genes cooperate is unknown. Since c-Myc has been shown to function as a transcriptional activator, we have examined the ability of c-Myc and activated Ras (H-RasV-12) to cooperatively induce the promoter activity of cdc2, a gene which is critical for cell cycle progression. Microinjection of expression constructs encoding H-RasV-12 and c-Myc along with a cdc2 promoter-luciferase reporter plasmid into quiescent cells led to an increase in cdc2 promoter activity approximately 30 h after injection, a period which coincides with the S-to-G2/M transition in these cells. Expression of H-RasV-12 alone weakly activated the cdc2 promoter, while expression of c-Myc alone had no effect. Mutants of c-Myc lacking either the leucine zipper dimerization domain or the phosphoacceptor site Ser-62 could not cooperate with H-RasV-12 to induce the cdc2 promoter. These mutants also lacked the ability to cooperate with H-RasV-12 to stimulate DNA synthesis. Deletion analysis identified a distinct region of the cdc2 promoter which was required for c-Myc responsiveness. Taken together, these observations suggest a mechanistic link between the molecular activities of c-Myc and Ras and induction of the cell cycle regulator Cdc2.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Base Sequence
  • Binding Sites
  • CDC2 Protein Kinase / biosynthesis*
  • Cell Cycle
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Genes, myc
  • Humans
  • In Vitro Techniques
  • Leucine Zippers
  • Macromolecular Substances
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Phosphoserine / metabolism
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / chemistry
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / metabolism*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / metabolism*
  • Rats
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Transcriptional Activation

Substances

  • Macromolecular Substances
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc
  • Phosphoserine
  • CDC2 Protein Kinase
  • HRAS protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)

Associated data

  • GENBANK/S72878