The authors evaluate the short-term and long-term effect of a ten-day educational camp on metabolic compensation, the physical and mental state and knowledge of the disease in 30 diabetics type I, mean age 29 years (range 17-45 years) with a duration of diabetes of 6.3 years (plus minus 5.6). After processing of individual parameters at the onset, after termination of reconditioning and after two subsequent months the authors revealed after evaluation by the paired t-test a statistically insignificant drop of the mean blood sugar level after reconditioning. After two months the mean blood sugar level rose again insignificantly and an insignificant decline of glycosylated haemoglobin occurred. After reconditioning a statistically significant decline of insulin consumption occurred (p < 0.01) but after two months the consumption returned to the original level. A significant increase was recorded in the knowledge of the disease (p < 0.05) and an increase in physical fitness (p < 0.01). The authors consider thus that the positive effect of reconditioning is mainly in training of a proper lifestyle, learning of self-monitoring and psychic improvement.