Cytochrome c oxidase L-form transcript-binding protein (COLBP) activity parallels the tissue-specific mRNA expression of bovine cytochrome c oxidase liver isopeptides. A similar RNA-binding activity is found in human myoblast and liver Hep G2 cell homogenates. Human COLBP activity, however, is not present in myotubes or adult skeletal muscle. It is proposed that COLBP down-regulation during muscle cell differentiation may underlie oxidase isoform switching during myogenesis.