Abstract
The NF-AT transcription complex is required for the expression of a group of proteins that collectively coordinate the immune response. Here we purify two proteins encoded by separate genes that represent the pre-existing (p) and cytosolic (c) components of NF-AT. Expression of the full-length complementary DNA encoding NF-ATc activates the interleukin (IL-2) promoter in non-T lymphocytes, whereas a dominant negative of NF-ATc specifically blocks activation of the IL-2 promoter in T lymphocytes, indicating that NF-ATc is required for IL-2 gene expression. NF-ATc RNA expression is largely restricted to lymphoid tissues and is induced upon T-cell activation. The other protein, NF-ATp, is highly homologous to NF-ATc over a limited domain which shows similarity to the Dorsal/Rel family, but has a wider tissue distribution. Agents that increase intracellular Ca2+ or activate protein kinase C independently modify NF-ATc, indicating that distinct signalling pathways converge on NF-ATc to regulate its function.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Animals
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Base Sequence
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Calcium / metabolism
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Cattle
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Cell Line
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Cell Nucleus / metabolism
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Cytosol / metabolism
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DNA, Complementary
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DNA-Binding Proteins / chemistry
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DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
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DNA-Binding Proteins / isolation & purification
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DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
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Gene Expression Regulation
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HeLa Cells
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Humans
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Interleukin-2 / genetics
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Lymphocyte Activation* / genetics
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Mice
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Molecular Sequence Data
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NFATC Transcription Factors
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Nuclear Proteins*
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Protein Kinase C / metabolism
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Protein Processing, Post-Translational
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RNA, Messenger / biosynthesis
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Signal Transduction
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T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
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T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
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Thymus Gland / cytology
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Thymus Gland / metabolism
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Transcription Factors / chemistry
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Transcription Factors / genetics
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Transcription Factors / isolation & purification
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Transcription Factors / metabolism*
Substances
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DNA, Complementary
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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Interleukin-2
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NFATC Transcription Factors
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NFATC1 protein, human
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NFATC2 protein, human
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Nuclear Proteins
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RNA, Messenger
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Transcription Factors
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Protein Kinase C
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Calcium