Beginning in 1984, the long-term decline in tuberculosis (TB) cases stopped, and since 1985 the number of cases has actually increased by 18%, from 22,201 new cases in 1985 to 26,283 in 1991. The change in the morbidity trend appears to be primarily due to three factors: HIV coinfection, TB occurring in persons from countries where this disease is prevalent, and deterioration of the health care infrastructure with resultant outbreaks of TB. This article presents six interventions that address major areas where action is needed. These efforts will require coordinated action by health care providers, public health departments, and other public and private organizations. Protection of all workers and patients in health care settings is one important goal of these efforts.