Evaluation of cisplatin intensity in metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: a phase III study of the Southwest Oncology Group

J Clin Oncol. 1993 May;11(5):873-8. doi: 10.1200/JCO.1993.11.5.873.

Abstract

Purpose: To test the concept that cisplatin dose-intensity is important in the treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) performed a randomized trial comparing standard-dose cisplatin (SDCP) 50 mg/m2 days 1 and 8 on a 28-day cycle for eight cycles, high-dose cisplatin (HDCP) 100 mg/m2 days 1 and 8 for four cycles, and high-dose cisplatin plus mitomycin (HDCP-M) 8 mg/m2 day 1. To isolate the effects of dose-intensity versus total dose, the planned cumulative cisplatin dose was 800 mg/m2 in each arm.

Patients and methods: Between July 1988 and April 1990, 356 patients were enrolled and 323 were eligible and assessable. All patients had metastatic, measurable disease, were chemotherapy-naive, and had a performance status (PS) of 0 to 2.

Results: Confirmed complete plus partial response rates were SDCP, 12%; HDCP, 14%; and HDCP-M, 27% (P < .05). Complete responses were uncommon (HDCP, 3%; HDCP-M, 4%) and were observed only in the high-dose arms. Progressive disease occurred more frequently in the SDCP arm (57%) compared with HDCP (38%) or HDCP-M (34%) (P < .05). However, there were no significant differences in median survival times (SDCP, 6.9 months; HDCP, 5.3 months; HDCP-M, 7.2 months; P = .53). The mean delivered dose-intensity for cisplatin was significantly greater in the high-dose arms: HDCP 41 mg/m2/wk and HDCP-M 39 mg/m2/wk, versus SDCP 23 mg/m2/wk (P = .05). The high-dose arms resulted in an increased incidence of ototoxicity, emesis, and myelosuppression, but similar degrees of renal toxicity and neuropathy compared with SDCP.

Conclusion: This study does not confirm evidence of a steep clinical dose-response curve for cisplatin in NSCLC at the cisplatin dose-intensities achieved. The addition of mitomycin increases the response rate, but does not improve survival. Continued evaluation of new agents in this disease is warranted.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Clinical Trial, Phase III
  • Comparative Study
  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use*
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / drug therapy*
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / secondary
  • Cisplatin / administration & dosage
  • Cisplatin / therapeutic use*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Lung Neoplasms / secondary
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mitomycins / administration & dosage
  • Sensitivity and Specificity

Substances

  • Mitomycins
  • Cisplatin