Screening for tuberculosis has revealed active disease in 30 of 168 examinees. They have arrived in Russia as refugees from Somalia, Afghanistan, Angola and other countries. 24 refugees had pulmonary tuberculosis. Destruction of pulmonary tissues and massive discharge of M. tuberculosis were found in 10, 2 and 1 patients with infiltrative, disseminated and fibrous-cavernous tuberculosis. A specific therapy with 3-4 drugs stopped discharge of the bacteria with sputum. It is stated that refugees from foreign countries may constitute a great epidemiological threat of tuberculosis for contacting Russian population.