Involvement of extracellular calcium in phosphatidylserine exposure during apoptosis

FEBS Lett. 1996 Dec 16;399(3):277-82. doi: 10.1016/s0014-5793(96)01341-5.

Abstract

The appearance of phosphatidylserine (PS) on the outer surface of apoptotic cells is an important signal for their ingestion. In platelets, elevation of intracellular Ca2+ with thapsigargin can trigger large amounts of PS exposure within minutes. We detected PS exposure in U937 promonocytes and Jurkat T-cells after incubation with thapsigargin, but in only 10% of the cells, and it took up to 6 h to occur. Tumor necrosis factor and anti-Fas antibody rapidly trigger apoptosis in these cells, and chelation of extracellular Ca2+ with 5 mM EGTA inhibited PS exposure by 65% and 50%, respectively. Chelation of intracellular Ca2+ with BAPTA-AM had no effect. Other parameters of apoptosis, including cell blebbing, shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation, activation of the ICE-like proteases, and fodrin cleavage, were not inhibited by extracellular EGTA. We conclude that while an elevation of intracellular Ca2+ is an ineffective trigger of apoptosis in the cells investigated, extracellular Ca2+ is required for efficient PS exposure during apoptosis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis*
  • Calcium / metabolism*
  • Cell Line
  • Egtazic Acid / pharmacology
  • Extracellular Space / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Jurkat Cells
  • Phosphatidylserines / metabolism*
  • Thapsigargin / pharmacology
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism
  • fas Receptor / metabolism

Substances

  • Phosphatidylserines
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • fas Receptor
  • Egtazic Acid
  • Thapsigargin
  • Calcium