A long-term treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist plus a low-dose oral contraceptive improves the recovery of the ovulatory function in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Fertil Steril. 1997 Mar;67(3):463-8. doi: 10.1016/s0015-0282(97)80070-2.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the hormonal and clinical follow-up after the suspension of a longterm therapy with GnRH-agonist (GnRH-a) plus oral contraceptive (OC) in comparison to OC alone in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Design: Hormonal (plasma LH, FSH, sex steroid levels) and clinical (Ferriman-Gallwey score and ultrasound) parameters were monitored at various moments during the 6 months of treatment and during the 6 months after treatment suspension.

Setting: Physiopathology of Human Reproduction, University of Modena, Italy.

Patient(s): Thirty patients with PCOS were enrolled and randomly subdivided in two groups of 15 each.

Intervention(s): Group A was treated with 3.75 mg IM GnRH-a plus OC. Group B was treated only with OC.

Result(s): Both therapeutical regimens were effective in reducing androgenic milieu, Ferriman-Gallwey score, and ovarian volume within the 6th month of treatment. However, only patients treated with GnRH-a + OC showed a normal LH:FSH ratio, adequate plasma E2 and P levels, and ovulatory cycles during the 6 months of the after treatment follow-up. Patients treated with OC alone showed no beneficial effect after the 3rd month of the follow-up.

Conclusion(s): These data support the evidence of a higher efficacy of the combined regimen (GnRH-a + OC) than OC alone in the treatment of patients with PCOS. In addition, the former regimen is associated with recovery of normal ovulatory cycles.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study
  • Controlled Clinical Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Androgens / blood
  • Contraceptives, Oral / therapeutic use*
  • Estradiol / blood
  • Female
  • Follicle Stimulating Hormone / blood
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Leuprolide / therapeutic use*
  • Luteinizing Hormone / blood
  • Luteolytic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Menstrual Cycle
  • Ovary / diagnostic imaging
  • Ovulation Induction*
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / blood
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / diagnostic imaging
  • Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / physiopathology*
  • Progesterone / blood
  • Triptorelin Pamoate / therapeutic use*
  • Ultrasonography

Substances

  • Androgens
  • Contraceptives, Oral
  • Luteolytic Agents
  • Triptorelin Pamoate
  • Progesterone
  • Estradiol
  • Luteinizing Hormone
  • Follicle Stimulating Hormone
  • Leuprolide