Nuclear cardiology has progressed in the past few years to the point of obtaining a consolidated position in the management of chronic ischemic heart disease. In the first part of our, methodology and interpretation criteria of the fundamental nuclear techniques (myocardial perfusion imaging and radionuclide angiography) are reviewed. In the second part, clinical indications in diagnostic and prognostic evaluations of patients with chronic ischemic heart disease are discussed, while remembering its usefulness in myocardial viability assessment.