Recombinant human erythropoietin (epoetin) is sometimes used in order to enhance autologous blood predonation before scheduled hemorrhagic surgery. This procedure reduces and some times better avoids homologous blood transfusions with their disadvantages. In certain circumstances, it will be of particular importance and, despite of its cost, has to be discussed for several surgical operations in some patients. Among them, pre-dialysis and dialysis patients can benefit of autologous blood transfusion if their anemic state and the response to epoetin and iron supplementation allow a sufficient and well-tolerated preoperative collection. As such observations are rare, we report two successful cases of autologous transfusion strategy with epoetin therapy in chronic hemodialyzed patients undergoing orthopedic surgery.