Abstract
Despite the remarkable advances in cardiovascular therapeutics over the past four decades, little impact has been made on either the incidence or mortality rate of congestive heart failure and it remains a major clinical and public health problem. Recent practice audits have suggested that proven efficacious therapies are not maximally applied in patients with this condition. An approach to the patient with congestive heart failure is presented, emphasizing the two distinct syndromes of systolic dysfunction and diastolic dysfunction. Treatment recommendations are derived from consideration of the underlying pathophysiology and the evidence from randomised clinical trials.
Publication types
-
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
-
Review
MeSH terms
-
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / therapeutic use
-
Aged
-
Aged, 80 and over
-
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / therapeutic use
-
Cardiovascular Agents / therapeutic use
-
Clinical Trials as Topic
-
Diet, Sodium-Restricted
-
Diuretics / therapeutic use
-
Drinking
-
Female
-
Heart Failure / epidemiology
-
Heart Failure / etiology
-
Heart Failure / physiopathology
-
Heart Failure / therapy*
-
Humans
-
Male
-
Middle Aged
-
Myocardial Ischemia / therapy
-
Prevalence
-
Risk Factors
-
Severity of Illness Index
-
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / diagnosis
-
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / physiopathology
-
Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / therapy
-
Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / diagnosis
-
Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / physiopathology
-
Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / therapy
-
Warfarin / therapeutic use
Substances
-
Adrenergic beta-Antagonists
-
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
-
Cardiovascular Agents
-
Diuretics
-
Warfarin