Bispecific humanized anti-IL-2 receptor alpha beta antibodies inhibitory for both IL-2- and IL-15-mediated proliferation

J Immunol. 1997 Aug 1;159(3):1543-56.

Abstract

Humanized anti-Tac (HAT) and Mik beta1 (HuMik beta 1) Abs directed at IL-2R alpha and IL-2R beta, respectively, inhibit IL-2 binding and biological activity and together act synergistically in vitro. The Abs have been used successfully in primate models of allograft rejection, graft-vs-host disease, and autoimmunity. We produced bifunctional humanized anti-IL-2R alpha beta Abs (BF-IgG) to combine the specificity of the two Abs into one entity by fusing HAT-producing NSO cells and HuMik beta 1-producing Sp2/0 cells. BF-IgG was purified using protein G-Sepharose affinity chromatography, followed by IL-2R alpha and IL-2R beta affinity chromatography and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. BF-IgG exhibited both anti-IL-2R alpha and anti-IL-2R beta specificities in binding assays. While the Ab binds the IL-2R with intermediate affinity (Kd = 2.82 nM), it does not inhibit IL-15 binding to its high affinity IL-15R. In Kit225/K6 (IL-2R alpha beta gamma+) cells, BF-IgG was 10-fold more potent than a HAT/HuMik beta 1 equimolar mixture in blocking IL-2-induced proliferation and, unexpectedly, was at least 65-fold more active than the mixture in blocking IL-15-induced proliferation. This dual inhibitory activity may be due to cross-linking of the IL-2R alpha and IL-2R beta, thus blocking IL-2 binding and possibly impeding the association of IL-2R beta with IL-15R. BF-IgG has potent immunosuppressant activities against both IL-2- and IL-15-mediated responses, and this antagonist could be more efficacious than HAT and/or HuMik beta 1 for the treatment of autoimmunity and the prevention of allograft rejection.

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Bispecific / biosynthesis
  • Antibodies, Bispecific / isolation & purification
  • Antibodies, Bispecific / pharmacology*
  • Antibodies, Blocking / pharmacology
  • Antibody Affinity
  • Antibody Specificity
  • Binding Sites, Antibody
  • Cell Division / immunology
  • Clone Cells
  • Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Growth Inhibitors / immunology*
  • Growth Inhibitors / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Hybrid Cells
  • Interleukin-15 / physiology*
  • Leukemia, T-Cell / immunology
  • Leukemia, T-Cell / metabolism
  • Receptors, Interleukin-2 / immunology*
  • Receptors, Interleukin-2 / physiology*
  • Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured

Substances

  • Antibodies, Bispecific
  • Antibodies, Blocking
  • Growth Inhibitors
  • Interleukin-15
  • Receptors, Interleukin-2
  • Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate