Anxiety, depression and PTSD in asylum-seekers: assocations with pre-migration trauma and post-migration stressors

Br J Psychiatry. 1997 Apr:170:351-7. doi: 10.1192/bjp.170.4.351.

Abstract

Background: Research into the mental health of refugees has burgeoned in recent times, but there is a dearth of studies focusing specifically on the factors associated with psychiatric distress in asylum-seekers who have not been accorded residency status.

Method: Forty consecutive asylum-seekers attending a community resource centre in Sydney, Australia, were interviewed using structured instruments and questionnaires.

Results: Anxiety scores were associated with female gender, poverty, and conflict with immigration officials, while loneliness and boredom were linked with both anxiety and depression. Thirty subjects (79%) had experienced a traumatic event such as witnessing killings, being assaulted, or suffering torture and captivity, and 14 subjects (37%) met full criteria for PTSD. A diagnosis of PTSD was associated with greater exposure to pre-migration trauma, delays in processing refugee applications, difficulties in dealing with immigration officials, obstacles to employment, racial discrimination, and loneliness and boredom.

Conclusions: Although based on correlational data derived from'a convenient' sample, our findings raise the possibility that current procedures for dealing with asylum-seekers may contribute to high levels of stress and psychiatric symptoms in those who have been previously traumatised.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Anxiety / etiology
  • Depression / etiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Life Change Events
  • Male
  • Mental Disorders / etiology*
  • New South Wales
  • Refugees / psychology*
  • Risk Factors
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / etiology