This is a phase I study to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and toxicity of a combination of paclitaxel and 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) in advanced gastric cancer patients. The patients, refractory to the PELF regimen (5-FU, leucovorin, cisplatin, epidoxorubicin), received weekly 5-FU at the fixed dose of 500 mg/m2, and escalating doses of paclitaxel every 3 weeks with a starting dose of 150 mg/m2 given as in 3-h infusion. The dose was escalated by 25 mg/m2 every 3 patients. Fifteen patients entered the study. The upper paclitaxel dose (225 mg/m2) was given to 6 patients. Up to this dose, no severe toxicity (grade 3-4) was recorded. Apart from alopecia, grade 1-2 leukopenia occurred in 5 patients and grade 1-2 neurotoxicity in 2 patients. All patients were evaluable for response (at least 2 cycles): 2 patients achieved an objective response (200 and 225 mg/m2). In 6 patients, treatment resulted in notable relief from symptoms. Out-patient paclitaxel given over 3 h and 5-FU may be combined safely for the treatment of patients with advanced gastric cancer. The recommended doses for phase II study are paclitaxel 225 mg/m2 and 5-FU 500 mg/m2.