Objectives: To analyze the usefulness of the new azoles for the treatment of fungal osteoarticular infections, and to report three cases of fungal knee arthritis treated with fluconazole in our unit.
Methods: The medical literature was reviewed for all cases of osteoarticular infection caused by fungi and treated with fluconazole or itraconazole registered in the MedLine Silver Platter database from 1972 to 1997.
Results: The total number of patients included in this review was 56; 19 were treated with fluconazole and 37 with itraconazole. The most frequent causative agents implicated were fungi of the genuses Candida and Aspergillus. There were eight therapeutic failures, and there were no statistically different findings among the patients in terms of their health status. Adverse effects were unusual.
Conclusions: Controlled studies are necessary to establish the true role of the new azole drugs in the treatment of fungal osteoarticular infections, but they seem to be a promising therapeutic option.