Abstract
Herpesvirus entry mediator (HVEM), a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor family, mediates herpesvirus entry into cells during infection. Upon overexpression, HVEM activates NF-kappaB and AP-1 through a TNF receptor-associated factor (TRAF)-mediated mechanism. Using an HVEM-Fc fusion protein, we screened soluble forms of novel TNF-related proteins derived from an expressed sequence tag data base. One of these, which we designated HVEM-L, specifically bound to HVEM-Fc with an affinity of 44 nM. This association was confirmed with soluble and membrane forms of both receptor and ligand. HVEM-L mRNA is expressed in spleen, lymph nodes, macrophages, and T cells and encodes a 240-amino acid protein. A soluble, secreted form of the protein stimulates proliferation of T lymphocytes during allogeneic responses, inhibits HT-29 cell growth, and weakly stimulates NF-kappaB-dependent transcription.
MeSH terms
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Antineoplastic Agents / metabolism*
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Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
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Bacterial Proteins / metabolism
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Gene Expression Regulation
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Growth Inhibitors / metabolism
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Growth Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Growth Substances / metabolism*
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Growth Substances / pharmacology
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HT29 Cells / drug effects
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Humans
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Ligands
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Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed
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Membrane Proteins / genetics
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Membrane Proteins / metabolism*
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Membrane Proteins / pharmacology
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Molecular Sequence Data
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NF-kappa B / metabolism
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Protein Binding
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Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / metabolism*
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Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14
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Receptors, Virus / metabolism*
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / pharmacology
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Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
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T-Lymphocytes / drug effects
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Tissue Distribution
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Transcription Factor AP-1 / metabolism
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Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 14
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / genetics
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / metabolism*
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / pharmacology
Substances
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Antineoplastic Agents
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Bacterial Proteins
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Growth Inhibitors
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Growth Substances
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Ligands
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Membrane Proteins
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NF-kappa B
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Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor
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Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 14
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Receptors, Virus
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins
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TNFRSF14 protein, human
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TNFSF14 protein, human
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Transcription Factor AP-1
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Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 14
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Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha