Psychiatric diagnosis and intervention in older and younger patients in a primary care clinic: effect of a screening and diagnostic instrument

J Am Geriatr Soc. 1998 Dec;46(12):1499-505. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1998.tb01533.x.

Abstract

Objectives: To determine whether patient age is associated with psychiatric diagnosis or provider intervention in a busy primary care clinic, and, if so, whether a screening and diagnostic tool, the PRIME-MD, modifies age-related differences.

Design, setting, and participants: PRIME-MD use, psychiatric diagnosis, and provider interventions for psychiatric conditions were recorded for eligible patients attending a Veterans Affairs Medical Center primary care clinic. Data from 952 younger (<65 years) and 1135 older patients (> or =65 years) were analyzed to determine whether there were age-related differences in diagnosis/intervention and if use of the PRIME-MD modified these differences.

Intervention: Implementation of the PRIME-MD, a two-step instrument consisting of a self-administered patient questionnaire and a provider-administered structured diagnostic interview.

Measurements: Outcome measures were rates of (1) PRIME-MD use, (2) overall psychiatric diagnosis, (3) new psychiatric diagnosis, and (4) provider intervention for psychiatric conditions.

Results: There was no association between patient age and PRIME-MD use. Older patients were less likely to receive a psychiatric diagnosis in analyses that adjusted for "highly positive" screening questionnaires (OR = .45; P<.001). Older patients were also less likely to receive an intervention for a psychiatric condition in analyses that adjusted for whether a psychiatric diagnosis (OR = .62, P = .015) or a new psychiatric diagnosis (OR = .36, P<.001) was made during the study visit. The PRIME-MD increased rates of diagnosis and intervention but did not alter age-related disparities.

Conclusions: Decreased rates of psychiatric diagnosis and intervention in older primary care patients are of concern. Implementing the PRIME-MD will likely increase rates of diagnosis and intervention but will need to be accompanied by additional measures to eliminate age-related disparities.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Comorbidity
  • Dementia / classification
  • Dementia / diagnosis*
  • Dementia / therapy
  • Female
  • Geriatric Assessment / statistics & numerical data*
  • Hospitals, Veterans
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mental Disorders / classification
  • Mental Disorders / diagnosis*
  • Mental Disorders / therapy
  • Michigan
  • Middle Aged
  • Outpatient Clinics, Hospital
  • Patient Care Team*
  • Personality Assessment / statistics & numerical data*
  • Primary Health Care
  • Prospective Studies
  • Psychometrics
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Veterans / psychology*