The objective of the present study was to determine differences in the normal knee joint cartilage volume of males and females, the analysis of the percentage distribution of the cartilage tissue onto the various joint surfaces, and the determination of the relationship between the cartilage volume, the body weight, and the tibial head diameter. We examined the knee joints of nine healthy men and nine women with a low level of physical activity. The cartilage volume was assessed with magnetic resonance imaging, applying a fat-suppressed gradient-echo sequence with a resolution of 2 x 0.31 x 0.31 mm3 and 3D image reconstruction. In the men, the absolute volumes of the femur and tibia, but not those of the patella, were significantly higher than in the women. The differences between the sexes were considerably lower after normalisation to the body weight and the tibial head diameter and were no more statistically significant. The interindividual variability was reduced after normalisation to these two parameters, the body weight being more effective. We did not observe sex-specific differences in the percentage of the total cartilage volume taken up by the various joint surfaces. Our results suggest that, in young individuals without cartilage lesions, there exist sex-specific differences of the cartilage volume in the knee joint. However, these can be explained in terms of general differences in body constitution (body weight and bone size), without further significant influences of the sex. The knowledge of the normal, sex-specific cartilage volume is relevant when attempting to estimate the amount of tissue loss at the time at which symptoms occur in a patient with degenerative joint disease.