Cancer cells engineered to secrete granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor using ex vivo gene transfer as vaccines for the treatment of genitourinary malignancies.
Nelson WG, Simons JW, Mikhak B, Chang JF, DeMarzo AM, Carducci MA, Kim M, Weber CE, Baccala AA, Goeman MA, Clift SM, Ando DG, Levitsky HI, Cohen LK, Sanda MG, Mulligan RC, Partin AW, Carter HB, Piantadosi S, Marshall FF.
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PMID: 10950151
Clinical Trial.