High-voltage and intrinsically safe electrolytes for Li metal batteries

Zhixin Xu; Xiyue Zhang; Jun Yang; Xuzixu Cui; Yanna Nuli; Jiulin Wang

doi:10.1038/s41467-024-51958-7

High-voltage and intrinsically safe electrolytes for Li metal batteries

Nat Commun. 2024 Nov 14;15(1):9856. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-51958-7.

Authors

Zhixin Xu^#¹, Xiyue Zhang^#², Jun Yang³, Xuzixu Cui¹, Yanna Nuli¹, Jiulin Wang¹

Affiliations

¹ Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
² Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
³ Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China. [email protected].

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 39543085
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51958-7

Abstract

Current electrolytes of mixing different functional solvents inherit both merits and weaknesses of each solvent, thus cannot simultaneously meet all the requirements of high energy, long cycle life, and high safety for Li metal batteries (LMBs). Here, we design a high voltage and safe electrolyte (VSE) by integrating different functional groups into one molecule. The VSE electrolyte has a wide electrochemical stability window of ~5.6 V enabling a Li anode to achieve high Coulombic efficiency of >99.3%, Li | |LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ coin cell to maintain capacity retention of 92% after 500 cycles, and the 3.5-Ah-grade Li | |LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ pouch cell to deliver a high energy density of 531 Wh kg^-1 without any flame and expansion after cycled under extreme conditions. The VSE electrolyte even enables 5.0 V Li | |LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ cells to charge/discharge for 200 cycles without capacity decay. This work provides a promising direction for the rational design of high-voltage and intrinsically safe electrolytes for LMBs.

Abstract

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