Residential mobility and persistently depressed voting among disadvantaged adults in a large housing experiment

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024 May 14;121(20):e2306287121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2306287121. Epub 2024 May 6.

Abstract

This study examines the impact of residential mobility on electoral participation among the poor by matching data from Moving to Opportunity, a US-based multicity housing-mobility experiment, with nationwide individual voter data. Nearly all participants in the experiment were Black and Hispanic families who originally lived in high-poverty public housing developments. Notably, the study finds that receiving a housing voucher to move to a low-poverty neighborhood decreased adult participants' voter participation for nearly two decades-a negative impact equal to or outpacing that of the most effective get-out-the-vote campaigns in absolute magnitude. This finding has important implications for understanding residential mobility as a long-run depressant of voter turnout among extremely low-income adults.

Keywords: housing; racial inequality; residential mobility; social inequality; voter participation.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Black or African American
  • Depression / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Hispanic or Latino / statistics & numerical data
  • Housing / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Population Dynamics
  • Poverty*
  • Public Housing / statistics & numerical data
  • United States
  • Voting
  • Vulnerable Populations / statistics & numerical data