Antiphospholipid Antibodies and Recurrent Thrombotic Events: Persistence and Portfolio

Cerebrovasc Dis. 2015;40(5-6):293-300. doi: 10.1159/000441362. Epub 2015 Oct 29.

Abstract

Background: There are very limited prospective data on the significance of persistent antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and recurrent thrombo-occlusive events (TOEs). We investigated the prognostic value of (1) 2 newer aPL assays, (2) an aPL portfolio and (3) persistent aPL positivity following stroke.

Methods: A total of 1,770 subjects from the APASS-WARSS study underwent further aPL testing for antibodies to phosphatidylserine (aPS) and anti-β2-glycoprotein-I (anti-β2GPI) from stored sera. Follow-up aPL status was also tested in a subset of subjects. Primary analysis was based on time to any TOE (ischemic stroke, myocardial infarction, transient ischemic attack, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism or systemic arterial occlusion)/death at 2 years. Cox proportional hazard analyses assessed whether aPL independently related to outcome.

Results: Persistent anti-β2GPI decreased the time to TOE/death after adjustment for potential confounders (hazards ratio (HR) 2.86, 95% CI 1.21-6.76, p = 0.017). When persistent anti-β2GPI was combined with another persistently positive aPL, time to TOE/death was also reduced (HR 3.79, 95% CI 1.18-12.14, p = 0.025). Neither persistent anticardiolipin antibodies nor persistent aPS alone nor a single positive anti-β2GPI nor aPS was associated with decreased time to TOE/death. No single positive aPL, portfolio of baseline aPL or any persistent aPL increased the rate of TOE/death.

Conclusions: Rates of TOE/death were not influenced by aPL results at baseline or follow-up. Persistent anti-β2GPI alone, and with persistent second aPL, was independently associated with decreased time to TOE/death. Persistent aPL, an aPL portfolio and newer aPL in ischemic stroke patients are not helpful in predicting an increased rate of recurrent TOEs.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / blood*
  • Antiphospholipid Syndrome / complications
  • Antiphospholipid Syndrome / immunology
  • Autoantigens / immunology
  • Brain Ischemia / etiology
  • Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Myocardial Infarction / etiology
  • Phosphatidylserines / immunology
  • Pulmonary Embolism / etiology
  • Recurrence
  • Risk Factors
  • Thrombophilia / blood
  • Thrombophilia / epidemiology*
  • Thrombophilia / immunology
  • Thrombosis / etiology*
  • beta 2-Glycoprotein I / immunology

Substances

  • Antibodies, Antiphospholipid
  • Autoantigens
  • Phosphatidylserines
  • beta 2-Glycoprotein I