Temperature-Sensitive Intracellular Traffic of α2C-Adrenergic Receptor

Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2015:132:245-65. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.02.008. Epub 2015 Mar 29.

Abstract

α(2C)-Adrenergic receptor (α(2C)-AR) is the least characterized adrenergic receptor subtype and still very little is known about the intracellular traffic properties and pathophysiological roles of this receptor. α(2C)-AR has an atypical subcellular localization. At 37 °C, in the vascular smooth muscle cells and in fibroblasts, the receptor is poorly localized at the plasma membrane and accumulates inside the cell. Exposure to lower temperatures stimulates α(2C)-AR transport to the cell surface. This particular intracellular trafficking of α(2C)-AR is significant in the pathology of Raynaud phenomenon. In this brief review, I will present general information on the tissue distribution and cellular localization of α(2C)-AR. Also, I will discuss the mechanisms involved in the receptor transport by focusing on the trafficking motifs and on the molecular chaperones.

Keywords: Intracellular traffic; Molecular chaperones; Raynaud phenomenon; Temperature-sensitive; α(2C)-Adrenergic receptor.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activities
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Carrier Proteins / metabolism
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism
  • DNA Helicases / metabolism
  • Fibroblasts / metabolism
  • Filamins / metabolism
  • HEK293 Cells
  • HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Molecular Chaperones / metabolism
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / metabolism
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Protein Transport
  • Raynaud Disease / metabolism*
  • Raynaud Disease / physiopathology
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2 / metabolism*
  • Temperature
  • Tissue Distribution

Substances

  • Carrier Proteins
  • FLNC protein, human
  • Filamins
  • HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins
  • Molecular Chaperones
  • Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2
  • ATPases Associated with Diverse Cellular Activities
  • DNA Helicases
  • RUVBL1 protein, human