Urban heat island (UHI) can be characterized and quantified to understand the modification
of urban surfaces on the local and regional climate. This study examines UHI variation …

The Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) has been widely used to monitor drought. Its
characteristics are more suitable for measuring droughts of longer timescales, and this fact has …

Boreal forests are facing profound changes in their growth environment, including warming‐induced
water deficits, extended growing seasons, accelerated snowmelt, and permafrost …

Spring greening in boreal forest ecosystems has been widely linked to increasing temperature,
but few studies have attempted to unravel the relative effects of climate variables such as …

… | Meiting Hou2 … Chen Xu and Meiting Hou contributed equally to this study. … How to cite
this article: Xu C, Hou M, Yan X, Zhang X. Temporal variability of seasonal warming rates in China…

Forests are facing climate changes such as warmer temperatures, accelerated snowmelt,
increased drought, as well as changing diurnal temperature ranges (DTR) and cloud cover …

Vegetation pattern provides useful signals for vegetation protection and can be identified as
an early warning of desertification. In some arid or semi-arid regions, vegetation absorbs …

The warming world greatly suffers the increase of frequency, severity and duration of heat
wave events, which would cause the significant societal and environmental damages and …

Permafrost degradation due to rapid increase in ground surface temperature (GST) in recent
years may strongly affect boreal forest ecosystems. However, comparatively few studies …

Land surface albedo is a key radiative forcing factor in Earth radiation budget, and its variation
is highly related to land surface processes, such as land cover change. This study aimed …