Thermosensitive Drug Delivery System SBA-15-PEI for Controlled Release of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Diclofenac Sodium Salt: A Comparative Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Used Chemicals
2.2. Preparation of SBA-15
2.3. Extraction/Calcination Process
2.4. Surface Grafting and Modification
2.5. Drug Encapsulation
2.6. Drug Release
2.7. Drug Solubility
2.8. Characterization
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Synthesis of SBA-15 and Surface Modification
3.2. Infrared Spectroscopy
3.2.1. SBA-15 and Surface-Modified Samples
3.2.2. Diclofenac Sodium and Drug-Loaded Samples
3.3. Nitrogen Adsorption/Desorption Measurements
3.4. Surface Morphology and Particle Size
3.5. Thermogravimetric Analysis and Calorimetry
3.6. Drug Adsorption Properties
3.7. Drug Release Properties
3.8. Drug Release Kinetics
4. Conclusions
Supplementary Materials
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sample | ν(OH) | ν(SiOSi)s | ν(SiOSi)as | δ(SiOSi) | δ(OH) | ν(CH)aliph | δ(CH) | δ(NH2) | ν(NH2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SBA-15(C) | 3437 | 809 | 1088 | 462 | 1638 | - | - | - | - |
SBA-15(C)-Cl | 3427 | 800 | 1100 | 466 | 1638 | 2981 | 1453 | - | - |
2931 | |||||||||
2900 | |||||||||
SBA-15(C)-800 | - | 800 | 1100 | 475 | 1656 | 2954 | 1462 | 1602 | 3360 |
2837 | 3300 | ||||||||
SBA-15(C)-1300 | - | 800 | 1124 | 475 | 1638 | 2952 | 1462 | 1603 | 3283 |
2837 | 3301 | ||||||||
SBA-15(C)-2000 | - | 804 | 1098 | 475 | 1629 | 2953 | 1462 | 1602 | 3251 |
2838 | 3300 |
Sample | ν(CH)ar | δ(CH) | ν(CCl) | ν(C=C)ar | ν(NH) | ν(COO−)s | ν(COO−)as | δ(NH) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SBA-15(C)/DIC | 3080 | 1454 | 746 | 1555 | 3420 | 1450 | 1509 | 1611 |
1580 | 3274 | |||||||
SBA-15(C)-800/DIC | 3082 | 1454 | 748 | 1555 | 3413 | 1451 | 1510 | 1609 |
1580 | 3280 | |||||||
SBA-15(C)-1300/DIC | 3081 | 1453 | 746 | 1555 | 3421 | 1450 | 1511 | 1612 |
1580 | 3274 | |||||||
SBA-15(C)-2000/DIC | 3080 | 1454 | 748 | 1555 | 3418 | 1453 | 1510 | 1610 |
1580 | 3271 |
Sample | Surface Area | Pore Size | Pore Volume |
---|---|---|---|
(m2.g−1) | (nm) | (cm3.g−1) | |
SBA-15(C)-TOL | 14 | - | 0.21 |
SBA-15(C)-HCl | 547 | 7.2 | 0.64 |
SBA-15(C)-THF | 744 | 8.1 | 0.82 |
SBA-15(C) | 814 | 8.6 | 0.86 |
SBA-15(C)-Cl | 470 | 6.1 | 0.41 |
SBA-15(C)-800 | 206 | 5.9 | 0.28 |
SBA-15(C)-1300 | 184 | 5.6 | 0.24 |
SBA-15(C)-2000 | 144 | 5.5 | 0.24 |
Sample | 2θ of (100)/° | a/Å |
---|---|---|
SBA-15(C) | 1.019 | 100.0 |
SBA-15(C)-Cl | 1.017 | 100.2 |
SBA-15(C)-800 | 1.014 | 100.5 |
SBA-15(C)-1300 | 1.014 | 100.5 |
SBA-15(C)-2000 | 1.010 | 100.9 |
SBA-15(C)/DIC | 1.018 | 100.1 |
SBA-15(C)-800/DIC | 1.019 | 100.0 |
SBA-15(C)-1300/DIC | 1.018 | 100.1 |
SBA-15(C)-2000/DIC | 1.010 | 100.9 |
Sample | Weight Loss a wt.% | Mass of Organic Part b mg·g−1 | Amount of Organic Part c mmol·g−1 |
---|---|---|---|
SBA-15(C)-Cl | 6.01 | 58.8 | - |
SBA-15(C)-800 | 9.80 | 92.6 | 0.116 |
SBA-15(C)-1300 | 14.95 | 146.5 | 0.113 |
SBA-15(C)-2000 | 24.02 | 237.5 | 0.118 |
Sample | Total Weight Loss a wt.% | DIC Weight Loss b wt.% | DIC Mass c mg·g−1 | DIC Mass Per Surface d mg·m−2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
SBA-15(C)/DIC | 16.17 | 15.95 | 191.1 | 0.235 |
SBA-15(C)-800/DIC | 26.95 | 17.15 | 205.6 | 0.998 |
SBA-15(C)-1300/DIC | 29.85 | 14.90 | 178.7 | 0.971 |
SBA-15(C)-2000/DIC | 35.85 | 11.83 | 141.8 | 0.985 |
pH and Temperature (°C) Conditions | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Sample | pH = 2 | pH = 7.4 | ||
37 °C | 42 °C | 37 °C | 42 °C | |
SBA-15(C)/DIC | 5.3 | 8.1 | 89.4 | 91.6 |
SBA-15-800(C)/DIC | 4.4 | 12.3 | 51.1 | 73.5 |
SBA-15-1300(C)/DIC | 7.0 | 15.8 | 48.1 | 75.1 |
SBA-15-2000(C)/DIC | 3.6 | 10.7 | 49.2 | 72.7 |
Diclofenac Duo | 2.8 | 7.3 | 90.3 | 98.9 |
Zero Order | First Order | Korsmeyer– Peppas | Higuchi | Hixson– Crowell | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sample | Temperature (°C) | k0 (mol.dm−3·h−1) r2 | k1(h−1) r2 | kKP(h−n) n r2 | kH(h−0.5) r2 | kHC(h−1/3) r2 |
SBA-15(C) | 37 | 12.126 0.7064 | 0.6909 0.4863 | * | 21.594 0.9603 | 0.3442 0.8632 |
42 | 12.437 0.5548 | 0.3732 0.7581 | * | 37.046 0.8144 | 0.3827 0.6893 | |
SBA-15(C)-800 | 37 | 1.5813 0.5341 | 0.0239 0.6172 | 0.0003 2.7 0.9364 | 10.055 0.8262 | 0.0322 0.5897 |
42 | 8.4882 0.6977 | 0.1747 0.8097 | 0.0025 1.7 0.8073 | 27.842 0.9064 | 0.2813 0.8217 | |
SBA-15(C)-1300 | 37 | 1.6105 0.4397 | 0.0179 0.4459 | 0.0001 3.4 0.9544 | 8.7135 0.6318 | 0.0316 0.4696 |
42 | 9.3551 0.8143 | 0.0490 0.4558 | 0.0118 1.4 0.8398 | 29.258 0.9618 | 0.0583 0.4352 | |
SBA-15(C)-2000 | 37 | 1.7957 0.5268 | 0.0216 0.5467 | 0.0009 2.3 0.9932 | 11.4221 0.8156 | 0.0355 0.5604 |
42 | 2.5615 0.6401 | 0.1027 0.9345 | 0.0043 1.8 0.8773 | 13.708 0.8788 | 0.0609 0.7425 | |
Diclofenac Duo | 37 | 18.435 0.8911 | 0.4511 0.9261 | * | 46.3081 0.9301 | 0.5726 0.9699 |
42 | 3.0354 0.3521 | 0.1713 0.6017 | * | 21.2451 0.6599 | 0.6291 0.9502 |
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Zauska, L.; Bova, S.; Benova, E.; Bednarcik, J.; Balaz, M.; Zelenak, V.; Hornebecq, V.; Almasi, M. Thermosensitive Drug Delivery System SBA-15-PEI for Controlled Release of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Diclofenac Sodium Salt: A Comparative Study. Materials 2021, 14, 1880. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14081880
Zauska L, Bova S, Benova E, Bednarcik J, Balaz M, Zelenak V, Hornebecq V, Almasi M. Thermosensitive Drug Delivery System SBA-15-PEI for Controlled Release of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Diclofenac Sodium Salt: A Comparative Study. Materials. 2021; 14(8):1880. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14081880
Chicago/Turabian StyleZauska, Lubos, Stefan Bova, Eva Benova, Jozef Bednarcik, Matej Balaz, Vladimir Zelenak, Virginie Hornebecq, and Miroslav Almasi. 2021. "Thermosensitive Drug Delivery System SBA-15-PEI for Controlled Release of Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Diclofenac Sodium Salt: A Comparative Study" Materials 14, no. 8: 1880. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14081880