Pan-reactive platelet antibodies in post-transfusion purpura

Vox Sang. 1999;76(2):120-3.

Abstract

Background and objectives: The mechanism for the destruction of a patient's own platelets in post-transfusion purpura (PTP) is unknown. In order to test the hypothesis that the destruction of autologous platelets in PTP is related to the presence of platelet antibodies with pan-reactivity, we investigated sera from patients with PTP.

Materials and methods: Sera from 12 patients with PTP were investigated for platelet antibodies by platelet-ELISA and monoclonal antibody-specific immobilization of platelet antigen assay.

Results: During the thrombocytopenic phase, antibodies of IgG and IgM classes with pan-specificity against platelet GPIIb-IIIa, GPIb-IX and GPIa-IIa were found together with HPA alloantibodies. After recovery, the pan-specific antibodies disappeared or the extent of reactivity diminished, whereas the IgG HPA alloantibodies persisted.

Conclusion: These findings provide evidence that transient panreactive antibodies may be responsible for the autologous platelet destruction in PTP.

MeSH terms

  • Antibody Specificity
  • Antigen-Antibody Reactions*
  • Blood Platelets / immunology*
  • Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
  • Humans
  • Isoantibodies / blood*
  • Purpura / etiology
  • Purpura / immunology*
  • Syndrome
  • Transfusion Reaction*

Substances

  • Isoantibodies