Functional characterization of multiple transactivating elements in beta-catenin, some of which interact with the TATA-binding protein in vitro

J Biol Chem. 1999 Jun 18;274(25):18017-25. doi: 10.1074/jbc.274.25.18017.

Abstract

beta-Catenin, a member of the family of Armadillo repeat proteins, plays a dual role in cadherin-mediated cell adhesion and in signaling by Wnt growth factors. Upon Wnt stimulation beta-catenin undergoes nuclear translocation and serves as transcriptional coactivator of T cell factor DNA-binding proteins. Previously the transactivation potential of different portions of beta-catenin has been demonstrated, but the precise location of transactivating elements has not been established. Also, the mechanism of transactivation by beta-catenin and the molecular basis for functional differences between beta-catenin and the closely related proteins Armadillo and Plakoglobin are poorly understood. Here we have used a yeast system for the detailed characterization of the transactivation properties of beta-catenin. We show that its transactivation domains possess a modular structure, consist of multiple subelements that cover broad regions at its N and C termini, and extend considerably into the Armadillo repeat region. Compared with beta-catenin the N termini of Plakoglobin and Armadillo have different transactivation capacities that may explain their distinct signaling properties. Furthermore, transactivating elements of beta-catenin interact specifically and directly with the TATA-binding protein in vitro providing further evidence that a major function of beta-catenin during Wnt signaling is to recruit the basal transcription machinery to promoter regions of Wnt target genes.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Armadillo Domain Proteins
  • Cadherins / metabolism
  • Catenins
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules / genetics
  • Cell Line
  • Cytoskeletal Proteins / genetics*
  • Cytoskeletal Proteins / metabolism
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics*
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Delta Catenin
  • Desmoplakins
  • Drosophila Proteins*
  • Genes, Reporter
  • Humans
  • Insect Proteins / genetics
  • Mice
  • Phosphoproteins / genetics
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins / genetics
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / genetics*
  • Signal Transduction
  • TATA-Box Binding Protein
  • Trans-Activators*
  • Transcription Factors / genetics*
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism
  • Transcriptional Activation
  • Transfection
  • Wnt Proteins
  • Zebrafish Proteins*
  • beta Catenin
  • gamma Catenin

Substances

  • Armadillo Domain Proteins
  • CTNNB1 protein, human
  • CTNNB1 protein, mouse
  • Cadherins
  • Catenins
  • Cell Adhesion Molecules
  • Cytoskeletal Proteins
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Desmoplakins
  • Drosophila Proteins
  • Insect Proteins
  • Phosphoproteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins
  • TATA-Box Binding Protein
  • Trans-Activators
  • Transcription Factors
  • Wnt Proteins
  • Zebrafish Proteins
  • beta Catenin
  • gamma Catenin
  • Delta Catenin