Nei's coefficient of genetic differentiation (Gst) was used to estimate the intergroup differentiation of four ethnic geographic groups of Bashkirs and the interethnic differentiation of seven ethnoses (Bashkirs, Tatars, Chuvashes, Udmurts, Maris, Komis, and Mordovians) from the Volga-Ural region. The coefficient of genetic differentiation calculated from data on four polymorphic loci (MET, D7S23, PKU, and apoB) and classical biochemical markers (AB0, MN, Rh, Hp, and AcP) of the nuclear genome was similar in all tested populations. The genetic difference between the ethnoses from the Volga-Ural region (Gst = 1.91%) was intermediate between that in European (Gst = 1.18%) and Siberian (Gst = 5.84%) ethnoses.