State-dependent disulfide cross-linking in rhodopsin

Biochemistry. 1999 Sep 14;38(37):12028-32. doi: 10.1021/bi990948+.

Abstract

In previous studies, we developed a new method for detecting tertiary interactions in rhodopsin using split receptors and disulfide cross-linking. Cysteines are engineered into separate fragments of the split opsin, the disulfide bond can be formed between the juxtaposed residues by treatment with Cu(phen)3(2+), and then disulfide cross-links can be detected on the gel by an electrophoretic mobility shift. In this study, we utilized this method to examine the cross-linking reactions between native cysteines in the ground state and after photoexcitation of rhodopsin. In the dark, Cys140 on transmembrane segment (TM) 3 cross-links to Cys222 on TM5. After photobleaching, Cys140 cross-links to Cys316 and Cys222, and the rate of the cross-linking reaction between Cys140 and Cys222 significantly increases.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • COS Cells
  • Cattle
  • Cross-Linking Reagents / chemistry*
  • Cross-Linking Reagents / metabolism
  • Cysteine / chemistry
  • Cysteine / genetics
  • Cysteine / metabolism
  • Darkness
  • Disulfides / chemistry*
  • Disulfides / metabolism
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Mutagenesis, Site-Directed
  • Peptide Fragments / chemistry
  • Peptide Fragments / genetics
  • Peptide Fragments / metabolism
  • Photic Stimulation
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Retina
  • Rhodopsin / chemistry*
  • Rhodopsin / genetics
  • Rhodopsin / metabolism
  • Rod Opsins / chemistry
  • Rod Opsins / genetics
  • Rod Opsins / metabolism

Substances

  • Cross-Linking Reagents
  • Disulfides
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Rod Opsins
  • Rhodopsin
  • Cysteine