Control of high-dose-cisplatin-induced emesis with an all-oral three-drug antiemetic regimen

Support Care Cancer. 2000 Jan;8(1):46-8. doi: 10.1007/s005209900077.

Abstract

In this pilot trial, the antiemetic efficacy and tolerability of an all-oral antiemetic combination in the prevention of both acute and delayed nausea and vomiting following high-dose cisplatin was evaluated. Fifty-two patients receiving cisplatin (median dose 100 mg/m2) were entered. Patients received (1) 60 min prior to cisplatin: prochlorperazine spansule 15 mg, dexamethasone 20 mg, granisetron 2 mg; (2) 12 h after cisplatin: prochlorperazine spansule 15 mg, dexamethasone 10 mg; (3) on days 2 and 3: prochlorperazine spansule 15 mg b.i.d., dexamethasone 8 mg b.i.d.; (4) on days 4 and 5: dexamethasone 4 mg b.i.d. All antiemetics were administered orally. The study period was the 120 h after cisplatin administration. The primary efficacy end-point was complete control (no vomiting, retching or antiemetic rescue) of delayed emesis (24-120 h after cisplatin). Complete control of delayed emesis was achieved in 26 patients (53%). Nineteen patients (39%) noted no delayed nausea. Complete control of acute emesis (24 h after cisplatin) was attained in 44 patients (86%). The no nausea rate during the first 24 h was 74%. Overall, 39 patients (80%) were satisfied or very satisfied with their outcome. Treatment was well tolerated with infrequent and minor adverse events. In conclusion, an all-oral combination of granisetron, dexamethasone and prochlorperazine is a highly effective and well-tolerated regimen for preventing acute cisplatin-induced emesis. Control of delayed emesis was not better than with current standard treatment, and more effective approaches are needed.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antiemetics / administration & dosage
  • Antiemetics / therapeutic use*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / adverse effects*
  • Cisplatin / adverse effects*
  • Dexamethasone / administration & dosage
  • Dexamethasone / therapeutic use
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Female
  • Granisetron / administration & dosage
  • Granisetron / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nausea / chemically induced*
  • Nausea / prevention & control*
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Pilot Projects
  • Prochlorperazine / administration & dosage
  • Prochlorperazine / therapeutic use
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vomiting / chemically induced*
  • Vomiting / prevention & control*

Substances

  • Antiemetics
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Dexamethasone
  • Cisplatin
  • Granisetron
  • Prochlorperazine