We report the case of a 32-year-old man without previous medical history of migraine, who presented with severe headache and temporary focal neurological deficits. Lumbar puncture revealed aseptic lymphocytic pleiocytosis. The patient completly recovered within 2 months. This condition was suggestive of a transient syndrome of headache with neurologic deficits and CSF pleiocytosis. The main characteristics and the physiopathology of this uncommon disorder are discussed.