Over the last five years, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been the scene of explosive developments in many fields. MRI exploration of thoracic vessels, perfusion imaging of the pulmonary parenchyma, cine-MR, and apnea sequences have all seen impressive advances. This improvement has been made possible by progress in data processing and surface coil technology for a better signal-noise ratio. In 2000, indications for thoracic MRI remain limited due to the small number of machines available and the fact that the CT scan can provide superior quality images for the pulmonary parenchyma and for visualizing calcifications. MRI can be a complementary exam for lung cancer work-up in case of suspected invasion of the thoracic cavity or the mediastinum. It is the first intention exam in cases involving the greater vessels, with the exception of emergency situations, the posterior mediastinum, and the heart. We review here the current contribution of MRI in diseases of the chest and discuss perspectives for the future.