Requirements for the maintenance of Th1 immunity in vivo following DNA vaccination: a potential immunoregulatory role for CD8+ T cells

J Immunol. 2000 Jul 15;165(2):915-24. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.165.2.915.

Abstract

Protective immunity against Leishmania major generated by DNA encoding the LACK (Leishmania homologue of receptor for activated C kinase) Ag has been shown to be more durable than vaccination with LACK protein plus IL-12. One mechanism to account for this may be the selective ability of DNA vaccination to induce CD8+ IFN-gamma-producing T cells. In this regard, we previously reported that depletion of CD8+ T cells in LACK DNA-vaccinated mice abrogated protection when infectious challenge was done 2 wk postvaccination. In this study, we extend these findings to study the mechanism by which CD8+ T cells induced by LACK DNA vaccination mediate both short- and long-term protective immunity against L. major. Mice vaccinated with LACK DNA and depleted of CD8+ T cells at the time of vaccination or infection were unable to control infection when challenge was done 2 or 12 wk postvaccination. Remarkably, it was noted that depletion of CD8+ T cells in LACK DNA-vaccinated mice was associated with a striking decrease in the frequency of LACK-specific CD4+ IFN-gamma-producing T cells both before and after infection. Moreover, data are presented to suggest a mechanism by which CD8+ T cells exert this regulatory role. Taken together, these data provide additional insight into how Th1 cells are generated and sustained in vivo and suggest a potentially novel immunoregulatory role for CD8+ T cells following DNA vaccination.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antigens, Protozoan / administration & dosage
  • Antigens, Protozoan / immunology
  • CD4 Lymphocyte Count
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • CD8 Antigens / immunology
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Cell Division / immunology
  • Cells, Cultured
  • DNA, Protozoan / administration & dosage
  • DNA, Protozoan / immunology
  • Genes, T-Cell Receptor beta
  • Immune Sera / administration & dosage
  • Immunity, Cellular
  • Injections, Subcutaneous
  • Interferon-gamma / biosynthesis
  • Interleukin-12 / administration & dosage
  • Interleukin-12 / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Interleukin-12 / biosynthesis
  • Interleukin-12 / metabolism
  • Leishmania major / enzymology
  • Leishmania major / genetics
  • Leishmania major / immunology
  • Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / immunology
  • Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / prevention & control
  • Lymph Nodes / cytology
  • Lymph Nodes / immunology
  • Lymphocyte Activation
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Transgenic
  • Protein Kinase C / metabolism
  • Protozoan Proteins / administration & dosage
  • Protozoan Proteins / genetics
  • Protozoan Proteins / immunology
  • Receptors, Interleukin / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Receptors, Interleukin / biosynthesis
  • Receptors, Interleukin-12
  • Th1 Cells / immunology*
  • Vaccines, DNA / administration & dosage*
  • Vaccines, DNA / immunology*

Substances

  • Antigens, Protozoan
  • CD8 Antigens
  • DNA, Protozoan
  • Immune Sera
  • Protozoan Proteins
  • Receptors, Interleukin
  • Receptors, Interleukin-12
  • Vaccines, DNA
  • LACK antigen, Leishmania
  • Interleukin-12
  • Interferon-gamma
  • Protein Kinase C