A case-control study was conducted among 154 cases of falls aged over 60 years in 18 old folks' homes in the countryside, using 1:1 pair-matching to explore the risk factors for the elderly falls. Data were analysed through Linear Logistic Regression. Results showed that spouseless, poor physical condition, abnormal gait, sufferying chronic situations as hypertension and sequelae of cerebral apoplexy, taking anti-hypertension drugs, abnormalities in taking static dynamic balance and walking tests in the elderly were main risk factors of the elderly falls. The strategies of prevention of the elderly falls were also discussed in the paper.