Abstract
In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, there exist two micro1 medium chains of the AP-1 clathrin-associated protein complex. Mutations of unc-101, the gene that encodes one of the micro1 chains, cause pleiotropic effects (). In this report, we identified and analyzed the second mu1 chain gene, apm-1. Unlike the mammalian homologs, the two medium chains are expressed ubiquitously throughout development. RNA interference (RNAi) experiments with apm-1 showed that apm-1 and unc-101 were redundant in embryogenesis and in vulval development. Consistent with this, a hybrid protein containing APM-1, when overexpressed, rescued the phenotype of an unc-101 mutant. However, single disruptions of apm-1 or unc-101 have distinct phenotypes, indicating that the two medium chains may have distinct functions. RNAi of any one of the small or large chains of AP-1 complex (sigma1, beta1, or gamma) showed a phenotype identical to that caused by the simultaneous disruption of unc-101 and apm-1, but not that by single disruption of either gene. This suggests that the two medium chains may share large and small chains in the AP-1 complexes. Thus, apm-1 and unc-101 encode two highly related micro1 chains that share redundant and distinct functions within AP-1 clathrin-associated protein complexes of the same tissue.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Adaptor Protein Complex 1*
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Adaptor Protein Complex 2*
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Adaptor Protein Complex alpha Subunits
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Adaptor Protein Complex mu Subunits*
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Adaptor Protein Complex sigma Subunits*
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Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport
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Amino Acid Sequence
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Animals
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Caenorhabditis elegans / drug effects
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Caenorhabditis elegans / embryology
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Caenorhabditis elegans / physiology*
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Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins*
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Clathrin / physiology*
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Cloning, Molecular
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Embryo, Nonmammalian / physiology
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Evolution, Molecular
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Female
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Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental
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Helminth Proteins / drug effects
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Helminth Proteins / genetics
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Helminth Proteins / physiology*
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Larva / physiology
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Membrane Proteins / drug effects
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Membrane Proteins / genetics
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Membrane Proteins / physiology*
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Molecular Sequence Data
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Mutation
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Nerve Tissue Proteins / drug effects
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Nerve Tissue Proteins / genetics*
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Nerve Tissue Proteins / physiology*
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Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Phenotype
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Phosphoproteins / drug effects
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Phosphoproteins / genetics*
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Phosphoproteins / physiology*
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RNA, Double-Stranded / pharmacology
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RNA, Helminth / biosynthesis
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RNA, Helminth / drug effects
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins / metabolism
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Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
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Vulva / cytology
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Vulva / embryology
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Vulva / metabolism
Substances
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Adaptor Protein Complex 1
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Adaptor Protein Complex 2
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Adaptor Protein Complex alpha Subunits
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Adaptor Protein Complex mu Subunits
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Adaptor Protein Complex sigma Subunits
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Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport
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Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins
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Clathrin
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Helminth Proteins
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Membrane Proteins
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Nerve Tissue Proteins
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Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors
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Phosphoproteins
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RNA, Double-Stranded
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RNA, Helminth
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Recombinant Fusion Proteins
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UNC-101 protein, C elegans
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adaptor protein complex 1, mu 1 subunit
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adaptor protein complex 1, sigma 1 subunit
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adaptor protein complex 2, mu 1 subunit
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apm-1 protein, C elegans