This paper is a discussion about pharmacological methods of supporting the cardiomyocytes in a condition of acute ischemia, during interventional cardiology procedures and in cardiosurgery. We present here drugs with potentially protective activity on heart muscle. We provide also some information about cytoprotective effects of trimetazidine, propranolol, phosphocreatine, adenosine and other substances. The results of presented investigations indicate the possibility of using some of these substances in clinical practice.