The inflammation meter: novel technology to detect the presence of infection/inflammation in patients without leukocytosis but with increased leukocyte adhesiveness/aggregation

Acta Haematol. 2000;104(1):16-21. doi: 10.1159/000041063.

Abstract

Objectives: To reveal the presence of infection/inflammation in patients with relatively normal white blood cell count (WBCC) by using the leukocyte adhesiveness/aggregation test (LAAT).

Methods: The LAAT was performed by using a simple slide test and image analysis (Inflamet), the WBCC, by an electronic cell analyzer, C-reactive protein, by Laser nephelometry and CD11b/CD18 by whole blood flow cytometry.

Results: Forty out of a cohort of 121 patients with nonviral acute febrile illness had a WBCC within normal limits. The intensity of the inflammatory response in these individuals as judged by either C-reactive protein, or fibrinogen concentrations, erythrocyte sedimentation or polymorphonuclear leukocyte CD11b/CD18 expression was similar to that observed in patients with a leukocytic response. Our present finding that 63% out of the group with documented infection/inflammation and no leukocytosis had a significantly increased LAAT suggest that the lack of leukocytosis is in part a pseudoleukopenia, or is associated with some degree of uncompensated tissue leukostasis.

Conclusions: The lack of a leukocytic response in a patient with nonviral infection/inflammation is by no means a sign of a less inflammatory response. The increased state of leukocyte adhesiveness/aggregation might help to disclose the presence of inflammation in these individuals.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Blood Sedimentation
  • C-Reactive Protein / metabolism
  • CD18 Antigens / blood
  • Cell Adhesion*
  • Cell Aggregation*
  • Cohort Studies
  • Diagnostic Imaging / instrumentation
  • Diagnostic Imaging / methods*
  • Diagnostic Imaging / standards
  • Fever / blood
  • Fever / etiology
  • Fibrinogen / metabolism
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Humans
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / instrumentation
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / methods
  • Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / standards
  • Infections / diagnosis
  • Infections / pathology
  • Inflammation / diagnosis*
  • Inflammation / pathology
  • Leukocyte Count
  • Leukocytes / cytology*
  • Leukocytosis / pathology
  • Macrophage-1 Antigen / blood
  • Middle Aged

Substances

  • CD18 Antigens
  • Macrophage-1 Antigen
  • Fibrinogen
  • C-Reactive Protein