Abstract
CX3CL1/Fractalkine, a CX3C chemokine, is a potent agonist for the chemotaxis and adhesion of monocytes and lymphocytes. It was first identified as a membrane protein in endothelial cells activated with IL-1 or TNF-alpha. We have found the enhanced expression of fractalkine in human umbilical vein endothelial cells stimulated with interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). Pretreatment of the cells with cycloheximide did not inhibit the expression of fractalkine mRNA. The majority of fractalkine protein was found in the cell lysate, and an antibody-blocking experiment disclosed that fractalkine contributes to the adhesion of mononuclear cells to endothelial monolayers stimulated with IFN-gamma. Vascular endothelial cells produce fractalkine in response to IFN-gamma, and this may play an important role in immune responses by eliciting a traffic of mononuclear cells through the vascular wall.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Antibodies
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Cell Adhesion
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Cell Movement
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Cells, Cultured
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Chemokine CX3CL1
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Chemokines, CX3C*
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Chemokines, CXC / biosynthesis*
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Chemokines, CXC / genetics
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Chemokines, CXC / metabolism
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Cycloheximide / pharmacology
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Endothelium, Vascular / cytology
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Endothelium, Vascular / metabolism*
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Endothelium, Vascular / physiology
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Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
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Gene Expression Regulation
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Humans
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Interferon-gamma / pharmacology
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Interferon-gamma / physiology*
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Leukocytes, Mononuclear / cytology
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Leukocytes, Mononuclear / metabolism
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Leukocytes, Mononuclear / physiology
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Membrane Proteins / biosynthesis*
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Membrane Proteins / genetics
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Membrane Proteins / metabolism
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Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / pharmacology
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Recombinant Proteins
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Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
Substances
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Antibodies
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CX3CL1 protein, human
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Chemokine CX3CL1
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Chemokines, CX3C
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Chemokines, CXC
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Membrane Proteins
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Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
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Recombinant Proteins
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Interferon-gamma
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Cycloheximide