With the aging population and improved methods of emergency transport, the number of surviving stroke and brain injury patients continues to increase. Aggressive rehabilitation of appropriate candidates is justified. In the period of spontaneous recovery, efforts are made to prevent fixed contractures using passive mobilization, splinting, nerve blocks, and electrical stimulation. If deformity persists and the patient is no longer recovering, operative management can help alleviate the functional and hygiene problems associated with these limb deformities.