In order to study the awareness, treatment and control rates and the risk factors of hypertension in Qingdao rural residents, a cluster random sampling method was used. Blood pressure measurement and questionnaire regarding risk factors for hypertension were applied to 3700 residents aged over 18. The standardized prevalence of hypertension in selected Qingdao rural residents was 19.5%. The awareness rate of hypertension was 31.5%. The main factors affecting awareness included age, cultural level, family income, family history of hypertension, and knowing the criteria for normal blood pressure (BP). The rate of taking regular treatment for hypertension was 35.7%. The factors affecting treatment for hypertension were age, culture level, times of measuring blood pressure (BP), suffering from complications of hypertension and family income. The awareness, treatment and control of hypertension should be improved and a comprehensive measure should be taken to prevent hypertension in Qingdao rural residents.