Standard microvascular anastomosis using only sutures is a well-established and successful technique; however, it is time-consuming and may cause vessel narrowing, needle trauma, and tissue reaction. The authors' hypothesis was that 2-octylcyanoacrylate could simplify microvascular anastomosis and reduce wall trauma and reaction. End-to-end anastomoses of the femoral arteries were performed in 20 adult rats. Each animal served as its own control. The time taken for each anastomosis (from first stitch to release of clamps) was noted, and the patency assessed. At day 7, the anastomoses were reassessed for patency, and the vessels evaluated histologically. 2-octylcyanoacrylate reduced the need to insert more sutures. Anastomotic time in the study group was statistically significantly shorter (p < 0.001), and the patency rate was 90 percent, compared to 85 percent with the standard suture technique. There was also less intense inflammatory reaction, with fewer foreign-body granulomata. This is the first report on the use of 2-octylcyanocrylate, currently approved for cutaneous use, for vessel anastomosis. Further work on the biomechanics and long-term histologic effects will be carried out. 2-octylcyanoacrylate has the potential for simplifying and improving the patency rates of arterial microanastomosis.